There are many work situations where chemicals are routinely relied upon to get the work done. But just as important as the safe handling of these chemicals, is their safe storage. If not stored properly, chemicals can cause a fire, explosion, or personal injury. There are some real and common sense safe storage procedures that should be followed to keep workers and the workplace free of chemical-related accidents.
The most important factor in chemical storage safety is keeping chemicals in their original containers. Next, check that each chemical container has a label. The label is a quick way of determining whether the material is a fire, health, or reactivity hazard. Read the chemical’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS). The SDS describes the chemical’s properties, hazards, and what to do if there is an accidental spill or exposure. Use the SDS as a guide for making storage decisions.
Fire and burn prevention
Store chemicals in well-ventilated areas, away from direct sunlight or other heat sources, and away from sparks, flames, static electricity, or other sources of ignition. Make sure the storage shelving material is acid resistant, secured to a permanent structure, and strong enough to support the weight of the containers. The shelving should be fitted with a raised lip or tilted slightly backward so containers will not slip off the edge. You may choose to color code the containers to correspond to the color on the shelf where it should be stored for quick access and proper storage return. Never store chemicals higher than eye level. If the chemical is accidentally knocked over you could risk being showered with the chemical substance resulting in a burn or possible blindness. For added safety, make sure first aid kits and materials for cleaning spilled chemicals is readily accessible.
Where to store chemicals
Chemicals should be placed so that incompatible substances are stored apart. You do not want to store a water reactive chemical next to a sink, oxidizers next to flammables, acids next to bases or poisons next to a desk. Chemicals should never be stored or refrigerated with food. Chemical containers should not be stored on top of each other or on the floor where they could accidentally be knocked over. Do not casually leave chemical containers wherever you last use them or set them aside to make room for other work. Take the time to return containers to their proper storage place.
Proper maintenance
Maintenance is another important factor in safe chemical storage. Someone should be assigned to periodically inventory the chemicals not only to check for proper storage but to also check for damaged or corroded containers, signs of leakage, or container pressure buildup. Make sure empty or damaged chemicals are disposed of properly.
Accidents caused by improper chemical storage can be prevented. Read labels, follow SDS recommendations, and use common sense. Instruct workers on safe chemical handling and enforce safe chemical storage procedures.